Cyprus

Discover Cyprus

Cyprus is a fascinating island country located in the Eastern Mediterranean, known for its rich history, stunning beaches, and vibrant culture. The island is divided into the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot regions, each offering unique experiences for travelers. The warm climate, ancient ruins, and delicious cuisine make Cyprus a sought-after destination for tourists from around the world.

With its diverse landscape, including mountains, forests, and coastal plains, Cyprus has something to offer for every type of traveler. Whether you’re interested in exploring archaeological sites, relaxing on pristine beaches, or enjoying outdoor activities such as hiking and diving, Cyprus has it all.

From the traditional villages to the bustling cities, Cyprus is a treasure trove of history and natural beauty just waiting to be explored.

Geographical Location and Map

Cyprus is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean, located to the south of Turkey and west of Syria and Lebanon. Its geographical coordinates are between 34° and 36° North, and 32° and 35° East. The country is known for its stunning coastline, with beautiful beaches and crystal-clear waters, as well as its mountainous interior, characterized by the Troodos Mountains in the central part of the island and the Kyrenia Range in the north. The island’s diverse landscape offers a wide range of activities, from water sports along the coast to hiking and exploring ancient ruins in the mountains.

Furthermore, Cyprus is home to many charming villages and rural areas, where visitors can experience traditional Cypriot life and hospitality. The island’s strategic location has led to a rich history of cultural exchange and influences, making it a fascinating destination for travelers interested in history, archaeology, and cultural heritage.

Currency and Economy

Cyprus Pound

The official currency of Cyprus used to be the Cyprus Pound. However, in 2008, the country adopted the Euro (EUR) as its official currency after joining the European Union. The transition to the Euro brought about economic stability and strengthened trade relations with other member states.

Economic Sectors

Cyprus has a diversified economy, with key sectors including tourism, shipping, and professional services. The island is known for its thriving tourism industry, attracting visitors with its rich history, stunning landscapes, and beautiful beaches. Furthermore, Cyprus has a strong shipping industry, serving as a significant maritime trading hub in the Mediterranean region.

Cultural background and traditions

Traditional Clothing

Cypriot traditional clothing reflects the island’s rich history and cultural influences. The garments, often made from fine lace and embroidered fabrics, are worn during special occasions and festivals, showcasing the intricate craftsmanship and unique designs that have been passed down through generations.

Pottery and Ceramics

Pottery and ceramics are integral to Cypriot traditions, with a long-standing tradition of exquisite craftsmanship. From utilitarian items to ornamental pieces, Cypriot pottery exhibits a blend of ancient techniques and contemporary artistry, offering a window into the island’s rich cultural heritage.

Traditional Dance

Traditional Cypriot dance is a vibrant expression of the island’s cultural identity, featuring lively movements, intricate footwork, and captivating rhythms. With influences from Greek, Turkish, and Middle Eastern traditions, Cypriot dance is an integral part of local celebrations and community gatherings.

Traditional Cypriot Dance

Vibrant and Energetic

Traditional Cypriot dance is known for its vibrant and energetic movements, reflecting the joy and exuberance of the Cypriot culture. Dancers often use lively footwork and expressive hand gestures, creating a captivating visual spectacle.

Cultural Significance

Each dance has deep cultural significance, often depicting historical events, mythology, or traditional celebrations. It serves as a form of storytelling, preserving the rich heritage and traditions of Cyprus for future generations.

Rhythmic Melodies

The dance is accompanied by rhythmic melodies played on traditional instruments such as the bouzouki and violin. The music adds depth and emotion to the performance, enhancing the immersive experience for both dancers and spectators.

Inclusive and Community-Building

Traditional Cypriot dance is often a communal activity, bringing people together to celebrate life, love, and the bonds of friendship. It fosters a sense of unity and togetherness within the Cypriot community.

Famous Cypriot Dishes and Cuisine

Halloumi

Halloumi is a traditional Cypriot cheese made from goat and sheep’s milk. It has a unique texture and is often grilled or fried, giving it a crispy exterior and a soft, gooey interior. The salty flavor of halloumi pairs perfectly with the freshness of salads and the sweetness of fruit, making it a versatile and delicious ingredient.

Moussaka

Moussaka is a classic Cypriot dish made with layers of eggplant, minced meat, and creamy bechamel sauce. It is then baked to perfection, resulting in a hearty and flavorful meal. The combination of savory meat, tender eggplant, and creamy sauce creates a harmonious blend of flavors that is loved by locals and visitors alike.

Souvlaki

Souvlaki is a popular street food in Cyprus, consisting of skewered and grilled meat, traditionally accompanied by pita bread, fresh vegetables, and a tangy tzatziki sauce. The aroma of smoky, tender meat combined with the freshness of the accompaniments makes souvlaki a beloved and satisfying dish in Cypriot cuisine.

Pastitsio

Pastitsio is a mouthwatering baked pasta dish featuring layers of macaroni, minced meat, and creamy bechamel sauce. Each bite offers a comforting medley of flavors and textures, making it a beloved comfort food in Cyprus. The dish is often seasoned with warm spices, giving it a rich and aromatic taste.

Historical Landmarks and Archaeological Sites

Ancient Ruins

Cyprus is home to remarkable ancient ruins that offer a glimpse into the island’s rich history. One of the most famous sites is the ancient city of Kourion, where visitors can explore well-preserved mosaics, a magnificent Greco-Roman theater, and impressive bathhouses.

Archaeological Excavations

The island is dotted with archaeological sites waiting to be explored. Delve into the ancient past at the Tombs of the Kings in Paphos, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its underground tombs carved into solid rock.

Historical Wonders

Discover the fascinating history of Cyprus at the Cyprus Museum in Nicosia, which houses an impressive collection of artifacts from different periods, including the intriguing Bronze Age items and intricately designed pottery.

Best cities to visit in Cyprus

• Nicosia The capital city, with a rich history and a blend of ancient and modern culture. Visit the historic walled city and explore the museums and art galleries.
• Limassol A vibrant coastal city known for its lively nightlife, beautiful beaches, and charming old town. Enjoy the annual wine festival and explore the medieval castle and ancient ruins.
• Paphos Known as the birthplace of Aphrodite, this city is steeped in mythology and history. Explore the archaeological sites, picturesque harbor, and vibrant atmosphere.
• Larnaca Famous for its palm-fringed seafront, Larnaca offers a laid-back atmosphere and beautiful beaches. Explore the ancient ruins, including the charming Hala Sultan Tekke mosque.
• Famagusta Home to fascinating ancient ruins and historic sites, including the impressive Othello Castle. The city offers a glimpse into its turbulent past and stunning sandy beaches.
• Ayia Napa Renowned for its lively nightlife and stunning beaches, Ayia Napa is also home to the charming Ayia Napa Monastery, a peaceful oasis in the heart of the city.

Nicosia, the Capital City

Nicosia, the largest city and the capital of Cyprus, is a vibrant and bustling metropolis that beautifully combines modern sophistication with rich historical and cultural heritage. As the financial and administrative center of the island, Nicosia offers a fascinating mix of ancient city walls, traditional neighborhoods, and contemporary architecture.

The city is divided into two parts, with the northern part being the capital of Turkish Republic of

Northern Cyprus, while the southern part remains under the control of the internationally recognized government of Cyprus. This division gives Nicosia a unique and complex character, making it a captivating destination for travelers interested in history, politics, and cultural exchange.

Limassol, the Coastal City

Limassol is a vibrant coastal city located on the southern coast of Cyprus. With its beautiful beaches, lively promenade, and rich history, Limassol offers a unique blend of modern amenities and traditional charm. The city is known for its bustling atmosphere, lined with cafes, restaurants, and shops offering a taste of the local culture and cuisine. Limassol is also famous for its wine production, with numerous vineyards scattered throughout the surrounding countryside.

Visitors to Limassol can explore its historical landmarks, such as Limassol Castle and the ancient ruins of Amathus. The city is also a hub for cultural events, including the annual Wine Festival and Carnival, adding to its vibrant and festive ambiance. The picturesque old town, with its narrow streets and colorful buildings, invites travelers to immerse themselves in the local lifestyle and traditions.

Paphos, the Birthplace of Aphrodite

Paphos is a city on the southwest coast of Cyprus, known as the legendary birthplace of the Greek goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite. With its rich history and captivating beauty, Paphos offers a blend of ancient charm and modern attractions. The city is recognized for its significant archaeological sites, including the Tombs of the Kings and the Paphos Archaeological Park, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Visitors to Paphos can explore the picturesque harbor, relax on stunning beaches, and immerse themselves in the vibrant local culture. The city also boasts a delightful medieval castle and a plethora of charming tavernas and restaurants serving authentic Cypriot cuisine.

Larnaca, the City of Palm Trees

Larnaca, located on the southern coast of Cyprus, is a city known for its picturesque palm-lined promenades and stunning beaches. The city boasts a rich historical heritage, with evidence of ancient civilizations and a vibrant cultural scene.

The palm-fringed Finikoudes Beach, with its golden sands and crystal-clear waters, is a popular spot for both tourists and locals to soak up the Mediterranean sun. Visitors can explore the charming alleys of the old town, lined with traditional houses, and discover landmarks such as the Larnaca Salt Lake, an important habitat for migratory birds.

Famagusta, the city of ancient ruins

Famagusta, a city located on the east coast of Cyprus, is renowned for its fascinating ancient ruins and historical landmarks. The city boasts a rich history, with remnants of ancient civilizations and structures that have stood the test of time.

Visitors to Famagusta can explore the ancient city walls, which surround the old town and offer a glimpse into the past. The iconic Othello’s Tower, a medieval fortress dating back to the 14th century, is a prominent feature of Famagusta’s historical landscape. Additionally, the city is home to numerous well- preserved churches and mosques, each with its own unique architectural and cultural significance.

Ayia Napa, the party capital

Ayia Napa is a vibrant city located on the eastern coast of Cyprus, known for its lively nightlife and energetic atmosphere. The city is a popular destination for young travelers and party enthusiasts, offering an array of clubs, bars, and beach parties that continue late into the night. In addition to its renowned nightlife, Ayia Napa also boasts stunning beaches with crystal-clear waters, making it an ideal location for both relaxation and entertainment.

Visitors can indulge in water sports during the day and then explore the dynamic social scene in the evenings. The city’s energetic spirit, combined with its picturesque coastal setting, creates a unique and unforgettable experience for those seeking a lively and spirited getaway.

Troodos Mountains and Hiking Trails

Exploring the Mountain Range

The Troodos Mountains in Cyprus offer breathtaking vistas and diverse landscapes for hiking enthusiasts. The trails wind through lush forests, past cascading waterfalls, and up to rugged peaks, providing an opportunity to connect with nature and enjoy the tranquility of the mountains.

Discovering Flora and Fauna

Hikers have the chance to encounter a wide variety of plants and wildlife as they traverse the Troodos Mountains. The mountain range is home to rare and endemic species, making each hike a unique and educational experience for nature lovers.

Experiencing Cultural Sites

Amidst the mountain trails, hikers can stumble upon ancient monasteries, churches, and quaint villages, offering a glimpse into the rich history and heritage of Cyprus. These cultural encounters add depth to the hiking experience, providing a holistic exploration of the region.

Beautiful Beaches and Coastal Resorts

Nissi Beach

Nissi Beach is one of the most famous and beautiful beaches in Cyprus, renowned for its crystal-clear turquoise waters and pristine white sand. It’s a popular spot for beachgoers, offering a lively atmosphere with beach bars, water sports, and vibrant events.

Coral Bay

Coral Bay is a stunning coastal resort with a Blue Flag beach known for its calm, shallow waters ideal for swimming and snorkeling. The surrounding area offers a relaxed and family-friendly vibe with a range of seaside restaurants and cafes.

Fig Tree Bay

Fig Tree Bay is a picturesque stretch of golden sand and crystal-clear waters, making it a popular destination for sunbathing and swimming. It’s an idyllic spot for families and couples, with plenty of water sports and beachfront dining options.

Traditional Villages and Rural Tourism

Charming Village Life

Experience the charm of traditional Cypriot villages nestled in the picturesque countryside. These villages are known for their timeless beauty, with narrow cobblestone streets, stone-built houses adorned with colorful flowers, and locals engaging in age-old customs and traditions.

Visitors can immerse themselves in the tranquility of rural life, enjoying the rustic simplicity and warm hospitality offered by the villagers. It’s a great opportunity to connect with the slower pace of authentic Cypriot living.

Rural Adventures

Explore the stunning natural landscapes surrounding the rural villages, from lush vineyards and olive groves to rolling hills and citrus orchards. Engage in outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, or horseback riding, taking in the unspoiled beauty of the Cypriot countryside.

Participate in agricultural experiences, learning about traditional farming methods and enjoying farm-to- table culinary delights made from fresh, locally sourced ingredients.

Wine Tasting and Vineyards

Local Wines

Visiting Cyprus offers a unique opportunity to explore the local wines. The island’s varied climate and rich soil contribute to the production of high-quality wines, including Commandaria, a sweet dessert wine with a rich history dating back to 800 BC.

Vineyard Tours

Experience the beauty of the Cypriot countryside with guided vineyard tours. Walk through lush vineyards, learn about grape cultivation, and witness the wine-making process firsthand, from harvest to bottling.

Wine Tasting Experiences

Indulge in delightful wine tasting experiences at local wineries. Sample an array of wines, from robust reds to crisp whites, while learning about the unique characteristics and flavors of Cypriot winemaking.

Traditional Crafts and Local Products

Lefkara Lace

Lefkara lace is a traditional form of delicate embroidery that has been woven into the fabric of Cypriot culture for centuries. The intricate designs and meticulous handiwork of local artisans make Lefkara lace an exquisite representation of Cyprus’ artistic heritage.

Cypriot Pottery

Cyprus is known for its unique pottery, characterized by earthy tones and intricate patterns. The craftsmanship of Cypriot potters has been honed over generations, creating pottery that reflects the island’s rich history and connection to the land.

Rosewater Products

Rosewater holds a special place in Cypriot tradition, and local artisans produce a variety of rosewater- based products such as soaps, perfumes, and skincare items. The distinct fragrance and soothing properties of rosewater make these products a popular choice among visitors.

Commandaria Wine

As one of the world’s oldest named wines, Commandaria holds deep cultural significance in Cyprus. This sweet dessert wine is made from sun-dried grapes and is a testament to the country’s winemaking heritage, offering a taste of history in every sip.

Religious sites and monasteries

Kykkos Monastery

The Kykkos Monastery, located in the Troodos Mountains, is one of the most famous monasteries in Cyprus. The interior is adorned with stunning Byzantine frescoes and intricate wood carvings, creating a serene and spiritual atmosphere that attracts visitors from all over the world.

Stavrovouni Monastery

Perched on a hilltop, the Stavrovouni Monastery offers breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and the sea. The history and architecture of this ancient monastery make it a must-visit for those interested in the religious and cultural heritage of Cyprus.

Panagia Chrysorrogiatissa Monastery

Surrounded by lush vineyards, the Panagia Chrysorrogiatissa Monastery exudes a sense of tranquility and timelessness. Visitors can explore the monastery’s rich history, view its impressive collection of religious artifacts, and enjoy the peaceful surroundings.

Outdoor activities and water sports

Scuba diving: Explore the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean and discover the vibrant marine life and ancient shipwrecks submerged beneath the surface.

Wind surfing and kite surfing: Feel the exhilarating rush of adrenaline as you ride the waves and harness the power of the wind along the stunning coastlines of Cyprus.

Jet skiing and parasailing: Experience the thrill of speeding across the azure waters on a jet ski or soaring high above the sea while parasailing, taking in breathtaking views of the coastline.

Kayaking and paddleboarding: Drift along the tranquil bays and explore hidden coves while kayaking or stand-up paddleboarding, immersing yourself in the natural beauty of Cyprus.

Fishing and boat tours: Embark on a fishing expedition or join a leisurely boat tour to admire the coastal landscapes and indulge in the serene charm of the Mediterranean.

Festivals and Cultural Events

Annual Wine Festival

The Annual Wine Festival in Limassol is a celebration of Cyprus’s rich winemaking heritage. It takes place in the end of August and features a wide variety of locally-produced wines, accompanied by traditional music, dance, and food. Visitors can participate in wine tastings, enjoy live performances, and experience the cultural significance of wine in Cyprus.

Carnival Celebrations

Cyprus’s Carnival period, also known as “Apokries”, is a lively and colorful celebration leading up to Lent. The cities and towns across the island host parades, masquerade events, and costume parties. The main Carnival parades take place in Limassol, Paphos, and Larnaca, featuring elaborate floats, music, and dancing.

Kataklismos Festival

The Kataklismos Festival, also known as the “Festival of the Flood”, is a religious and cultural event held

50 days after Orthodox Easter. It’s centered around the coastal areas and features boat races, water sports, and traditional games. It’s a time for families to come together, enjoy traditional Cypriot foods, and celebrate the significance of water in the island’s history.

Shopping and Local Markets

Bustling Markets

Explore the vibrant and bustling local markets in Cyprus, filled with a colorful array of fresh produce, handmade crafts, and traditional goods. Stroll through the lively stalls and engage with local vendors to experience the authentic charm of Cypriot market culture.

Unique Souvenirs

Discover unique souvenirs and artisanal crafts in the charming shops and boutiques scattered throughout the streets of Cyprus. From intricate pottery to delicate lacework, these local treasures make for perfect mementos of your visit.

Local Delicacies

Indulge in the delectable flavors of Cyprus at the local markets, where you can sample an assortment of traditional treats such as freshly baked bread, aromatic spices, and locally produced cheeses. Immerse yourself in the culinary traditions of the island.

Transportation and getting around

Public Transportation: Cyprus has an efficient public transportation system, including buses and a limited railway network. The buses are the most popular mode of public transport, connecting major cities and tourist destinations.

Taxis and Car Rentals: Taxis are readily available and can be a convenient mode of transport, especially for short distances. Car rentals are also popular among tourists, offering flexibility for exploring different parts of the island.

Walking and Cycling: Many cities and towns in Cyprus are pedestrian-friendly, making walking a pleasant way to explore local sights. Additionally, cycling is becoming increasingly popular, with dedicated bike paths and rental services in some areas.

Driving in Cyprus: For those who prefer to drive, Cyprus has a well-maintained road network with clear signposts. It’s important to note that in Cyprus, driving is on the left side of the road.

Best Places to Travel in Cyprus

Cyprus offers a diverse range of destinations, each with its own unique charm and appeal. From the vibrant capital city of Nicosia to the picturesque coastal city of Limassol, the birthplace of Aphrodite in Paphos, and the ancient ruins of Famagusta, the island has something for every traveler.

Discover the stunning beaches and coastal resorts, explore the traditional villages and rural terrains, indulge in wine tasting at local vineyards, and visit the historical landmarks and archaeological sites that reflect Cyprus’s rich heritage.

Whether you’re seeking outdoor adventures in the Troodos Mountains, looking to experience the vibrant culture of Ayia Napa, or simply wanting to relax in the city of palm trees in Larnaca, Cyprus has an array of destinations to satisfy every traveler’s wanderlust.